Calculate the p-value for obtaining ty_new under H_0
pval(x, dz, ...) # S3 method for outlier_model pval(x, dz, ...)
| x | A   | 
    
|---|---|
| dz | The deviance of the observation   | 
    
| ... | Not used (for S3 compatibility)  | 
    
The p-value of deviance test statistic of x
The value dz can be obtained used the deviance function.